PlanetScale llms.txt

The actual file

Source Markdown

The saved llms.txt text, displayed as source. The file belongs to its publisher; the live endpoint may change.

Showing the first 18000 characters. Load the complete file to read the remainder.

# PlanetScale

> PlanetScale is a relational database platform for Vitess, Neki, and Postgres that gives you scale, performance, and reliability without sacrificing developer experience.

## Platform

###  

- [PlanetScale](https://planetscale.com/docs/index.md): PlanetScale is a relational database platform that brings you scale, performance, and reliability — without sacrificing developer experience.

### Product

- [What is PlanetScale?](https://planetscale.com/docs/what-is-planetscale.md): A fully managed relational database platform for Vitess, Neki, and Postgres, built for scale, performance, and reliability.
- [Vitess, Neki, and Postgres](https://planetscale.com/docs/postgres-vs-vitess.md): Compare PlanetScale's Vitess, Neki, and Postgres products

#### Metal

- [PlanetScale Metal](https://planetscale.com/docs/metal.md): PlanetScale Metal databases are the same PlanetScale databases you know and love, powered by blazing-fast, locally-attached NVMe SSD drives instead of network-attached storage.
- [Create a Metal database](https://planetscale.com/docs/metal/create-a-metal-database.md): Create a new Metal database or upgrade an existing one to locally attached NVMe storage.
- [PlanetScale plans](https://planetscale.com/docs/planetscale-plans.md)
- [How to check performance after upgrading to Metal](https://planetscale.com/docs/metal/metal-performance.md): PlanetScale [Metal](/metal) databases offer performance benefits for many types of workloads.

### Connect and automate

- [Stripe Projects](https://planetscale.com/docs/connect/stripe-projects.md): Stripe Projects allows you to provision and manage PlanetScale Postgres and MySQL/Vitess databases directly from the Stripe CLI with the Stripe Projects developer preview.
- [Cloudflare](https://planetscale.com/docs/connect/cloudflare.md): Create and pay for PlanetScale Postgres or MySQL databases from the Cloudflare dashboard without adding billing details to PlanetScale.
- [PlanetScale Terraform provider](https://planetscale.com/docs/terraform.md): A resource model for Vitess, Neki, and Postgres databases, designed for Terraform and OpenTofu.

#### AI & automation

- [Agents](https://planetscale.com/docs/agents.md): Use agents with PlanetScale to answer database questions, investigate performance, and prepare fixes.
- [Grok Bot](https://planetscale.com/docs/agents/grok-bot.md): Set up PlanetScale Bot to answer database questions, investigate performance, and follow webhook events.
- [Agent setup prompt](https://planetscale.com/docs/agent-setup/prompt.md): PlanetScale instructions for AI agents to install skills, configure MCP, and authenticate the CLI.
- [AI-enhanced development](https://planetscale.com/docs/ai-tooling.md): Improve your database development experience with AI-powered tooling specifically designed for PlanetScale
- [Self-improving database](https://planetscale.com/docs/self-improving-database.md): Use the PlanetScale MCP server with AI coding agents to continuously optimize database performance based on production Insights data and Schema Recommendations

#### MCP

- [PlanetScale Model Context Protocol (MCP)](https://planetscale.com/docs/mcp-server.md): Connect Claude, Cursor, Notion, and other MCP-compatible tools to your PlanetScale databases and Insights
- [Authenticate the MCP server with a service token](https://planetscale.com/docs/mcp/service-token.md): Use a PlanetScale service token to authenticate the hosted MCP server in CI, headless agents, and clients that send a custom HTTP header

### Plans and billing

- [Billing](https://planetscale.com/docs/billing.md): PlanetScale applies billing plans at the **database level**. You can create several databases under one Organization.
- [PlanetScale plans](https://planetscale.com/docs/planetscale-plans.md)
- [Cluster sizes](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/planetscale-skus.md): Here you'll find a complete list of all the database sizes available to you on PlanetScale.
- [Selecting a region](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/regions.md)
- [Deployment options](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/deployment-options.md): PlanetScale offers two deployment options to accommodate your application and business needs: multi-tenancy and single-tenancy.
- [PlanetScale Support](https://planetscale.com/docs/support.md): PlanetScale’s team has a combined 600 years of experience running databases at scale.

#### PlanetScale Managed

- [PlanetScale Managed overview](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed.md): Run PlanetScale in your own AWS, GCP, or Azure account, operated by our team with your data in your cloud.
- [The proof of concept phase of an enterprise contract](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/proof-of-concept.md): We get many customers that come to us with existing large, production databases.

##### AWS

- [PlanetScale Managed on AWS overview](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/aws.md): PlanetScale Managed on Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a single-tenant deployment of PlanetScale in your AWS organization within an isolated AWS Organizations member account.
- [Set up PlanetScale Managed in AWS](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/aws/getting-started.md): The following guide will walk you through setting up a PlanetScale Managed cluster in your Amazon Web Services (AWS) organization.
- [Set up AWS PrivateLink with PlanetScale Managed](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/aws/privatelink.md): PlanetScale Managed can connect you to your databases via [AWS PrivateLink](https://aws.amazon.com/privatelink/). The following guide describes how PlanetScale Managed with AWS PrivateLink works and how to set it up.
- [Set up AWS VPC peering with PlanetScale Managed](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/aws/vpc-peering.md): Private database connectivity between your VPC and a PlanetScale Managed deployment over AWS VPC peering.
- [Set up AWS Reverse PrivateLink with PlanetScale Managed](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/aws/reverse-privatelink.md): [PlanetScale Managed](/docs/plans/managed/aws) can connect to your existing databases via AWS PrivateLink for the purposes of data imports.
- [Back up and restore in AWS](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/aws/back-up-and-restore.md): PlanetScale Managed backup and restore functions like the hosted PlanetScale product. For more info, see [how to create, schedule, and restore backups for your PlanetScale databases](/docs/vitess/backups).

##### Azure

- [PlanetScale Managed on Azure overview](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/azure.md): A single-tenant deployment of PlanetScale in a dedicated Azure subscription that you own and PlanetScale operates.
- [Set up PlanetScale Managed in Azure](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/azure/getting-started.md): Prepare a dedicated Azure subscription and deploy the one-time bootstrap required for PlanetScale Managed.
- [Set up Azure Private Link with PlanetScale Managed](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/azure/private-link.md): Connect an application virtual network privately to a PlanetScale Managed deployment in Azure.

##### GCP

- [PlanetScale Managed on GCP overview](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/gcp.md): PlanetScale Managed on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) is a single-tenant deployment of PlanetScale in your GCP organization within an isolated project.
- [Set up PlanetScale Managed in GCP](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/gcp/getting-started.md): The following guide will walk you through setting up a PlanetScale Managed cluster in your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) organization.
- [Set up GCP Private Service Connect with PlanetScale Managed](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/gcp/private-service-connect.md): PlanetScale Managed can connect you to your databases via [GCP Private Service Connect](https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/private-service-connect).
- [Back up and restore in GCP](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/gcp/back-up-and-restore.md): PlanetScale Managed backup and restore functions like the hosted PlanetScale product. For more info, see [how to create, schedule, and restore backups for your PlanetScale databases](/docs/vitess/backups).

##### Security and access

- [User management](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/security-and-access/user-management.md)
- [Cloud accounts and contents](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/security-and-access/cloud-accounts-and-contents.md)
- [Data requests](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/security-and-access/data-requests.md)
- [Schema snapshots](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/security-and-access/schema-snapshots.md)

##### Settings

- [Maintenance schedules](https://planetscale.com/docs/plans/managed/maintenance-schedules.md): Enterprise customers have the option to enable scheduled maintenance windows on databases.

### Security

- [Security and compliance](https://planetscale.com/docs/security.md): PlanetScale is committed to delivering a powerful and easy-to-use database platform while keeping your data secure.
- [Vulnerability disclosure](https://planetscale.com/docs/security/vulnerability-disclosure.md)
- [How PlanetScale uses AI](https://planetscale.com/docs/how-we-use-ai.md): Which PlanetScale features use generative AI, and how we ensure customer data stays secure and private.

#### Account access

- [Authentication methods](https://planetscale.com/docs/security/authentication-methods.md): There are three ways to authenticate with PlanetScale: _email address and password_, _single sign-on_, and _OAuth via GitHub_.
- [Multi-factor authentication](https://planetscale.com/docs/security/multi-factor-authentication.md): Multi-factor authentication (MFA) provides better safety for your databases and prevents unauthorized access to your user account.
- [Account password security](https://planetscale.com/docs/security/account-password-security.md): In addition to best practices like [multi-factor authentication](/docs/security/multi-factor-authentication), PlanetScale securely stores your account passwords and validates passwords against known security breaches.
- [Security log](https://planetscale.com/docs/security/security-log.md): The Security log gives you insight into recent authentication and other security-related `actions` for your account. Your security log also details when you performed each `action`.

#### Organization access

- [Access control](https://planetscale.com/docs/security/access-control.md)
- [Single sign-on](https://planetscale.com/docs/security/sso.md): Single sign-on (SSO) provides additional account security by allowing company administrators to require the use of an identity provider when logging into PlanetScale.
- [Audit log](https://planetscale.com/docs/security/audit-log.md): The organization audit log grants [Organization Administrators](/docs/security/access-control#organization-administrator) access to review **actions** performed by individual members of the organization.
- [Teams](https://planetscale.com/docs/security/teams.md): PlanetScale allows you to create teams within organizations.

- [Vitess (185 pages)](https://planetscale.com/docs/_llms/vitess.txt): Documentation for Vitess.

## Neki

###  

- [Neki](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki.md): Horizontal sharding for Postgres

### Architecture

#### Foundations

- [Overview](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/overview.md): The components of a Neki deployment and how they fit together
- [When to shard](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/when-to-shard.md): Whether a Postgres workload needs horizontal sharding
- [Neki vs PlanetScale Postgres](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/coming-from-postgres.md): The upgrade path from regular Postgres to Neki
- [Neki vs Vitess](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/vitess-and-postgres.md): Vitess concepts mapped to Neki's Postgres architecture

#### Core concepts

- [Data topology](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/data-topology.md): How Neki maps tables and shard keys to shards
- [Query planning](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/query-planning.md): How Neki plans a statement, and how to inspect its plan with EXPLAIN
- [Shard targeting and fanout](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/shard-targeting-fanout.md): Limit how broadly statements route, choose where reads run, and target one shard
- [Transactions](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/transactions.md): Snapshot and commit behavior for transactions that reach more than one shard
- [Reference tables and GSIs](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/reference-tables-and-gsis.md): Shared data placement and secondary lookup routing
- [Replicator workflows](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/replication.md): Copy and change streaming for migrations and online schema changes

#### Workflows

- [Data migration](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/data-migration.md): Table movement, resharding, verification, and traffic cutover
- [Schema changes](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/schema-changes.md): Native DDL and managed workflows across Neki shards

#### Reference

- [Platform preview limitations](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/platform-preview-limitations.md): Postgres features and query shapes that Neki does not support during Platform Preview
- [Neki terminology](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/terminology.md): Definitions for the Postgres, PlanetScale, and Neki concepts used throughout the documentation.
- [Neki error codes](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/error-codes.md): The numeric codes Neki reports with a not implemented error, the query shapes that trigger them, and what to do instead.
- [Error hints and details](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/error-hints-and-details.md): How Neki uses the DETAIL and HINT fields of Postgres errors and notices, and why clients should not hide them.
- [EXPLAIN output reference](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/explain-reference.md): Complete EXPLAIN (NEKI_PLAN) and EXPLAIN (NEKI_PG_PLAN) output for one query in every format
- [Example schema](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/example-schema.md): The tables and data topology used by the SQL examples in the Neki documentation

### Pricing

- [Neki pricing](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/pricing.md): How shard, router, storage, backup, and network resources contribute to Neki pricing.

### Platform

- [Postgres extensions](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/extensions.md): Built-in and community Postgres extensions available on Neki.
- [Back up and restore](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/backups.md): Create, schedule, and restore backups for Neki database branches.

#### Getting started

- [Neki database dashboard](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/neki-dashboard.md): Cluster topology, summary statistics, and query performance for a Neki database
- [Neki quickstart](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/tutorials/planetscale-quick-start-guide.md): Create a single-shard Neki database, connect, and insert data
- [Neki sharding quickstart](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/tutorials/sharding-quick-start-guide.md): Add a shard and route a new table with a data topology
- [Neki best practices](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/best-practices.md): Data placement, transaction scope, and workload isolation

#### Connecting

- [Connect to Neki](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/connecting.md): Postgres clients, roles, router groups, and replica routing
- [Roles and credentials](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/connecting/roles.md): Create and manage branch-scoped Postgres roles for Neki.
- [PlanetScale Terraform provider](https://planetscale.com/docs/terraform.md): A resource model for Vitess, Neki, and Postgres databases, designed for Terraform and OpenTofu.
- [Web console](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/web-console.md): Run Postgres queries and DDL from the dashboard.

##### Private connections

- [Connect privately with AWS PrivateLink](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/connecting/private-connections/aws-privatelink.md): Private connectivity between an AWS VPC and Neki through AWS PrivateLink.
- [Connect privately with GCP Private Service Connect](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/connecting/private-connections/gcp-private-service-connect.md): Private connectivity between a Google Cloud VPC and Neki through Private Service Connect.

#### Configuration

- [Cluster sizing](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/cluster-configuration/cluster-sizing.md): Choose and change configuration-profile, admin, and router sizes for a Neki database.
- [Cluster configuration](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/cluster-configuration.md): Configure Neki admin, routers, configuration profiles, and shards.
- [Configure Neki maintenance windows](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/cluster-configuration/maintenance-windows.md): Weekly maintenance scheduling for production Neki branches.
- [Configuration parameters](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/cluster-configuration/parameters.md): Configure Postgres, connection-pool, admin, and router parameters for a Neki database.
- [Database replicas](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/replicas.md): Use Neki replicas for high availability and read-only traffic.
- [Read-only replicas](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/read-only-replicas.md): Add Neki read-only replicas to serve long-running reads without using the replicas that take over during failover.

#### Migrate to Neki

- [Import a Postgres database](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/imports/postgres.md): Import Postgres into Neki with pg_dump and pg_restore
- [Troubleshoot a Neki migration](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/imports/troubleshooting.md): Resolve discovery, topology-planning, data-movement, validation, and cutover problems.

#### Branching

- [Branching](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/branching.md): Create development branches, restore from backups, and run production with high availability.
- [Development environments](https://planetscale.com/docs/neki/development-environments.md): Set up empty branches for schema work