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J·BJon BishopIndependent growth marketer

Buyer behavior · Scenario-based experiments manipulating service failure and recovery characteristics; post-encounter evaluations were measured.

An Experimental Investigation of Customer Reactions to Service Failure and Recovery Encounters: Paradox or Peril?

Journal of Service Research · 1998

Amy K. Smith, Ruth N. Bolton

Summary

The experiments show that failure/recovery outcomes depend on failure and recovery attributes and customer responses; recovery can improve evaluations, but superior recovery does not uniformly erase the damage of failure.

For your marketing

Possible founder application

Use it as a behavioral mechanism or experiment-design reference, not a direct forecast for a SaaS funnel.

Reported result

What the study found

The experiments show that failure/recovery outcomes depend on failure and recovery attributes and customer responses; recovery can improve evaluations, but superior recovery does not uniformly erase the damage of failure.

Research question

What the authors investigated

How do customers react to service failure and recovery encounters, and when does recovery repair evaluations?

Design

Scenario-based experiments manipulating service failure and recovery characteristics; post-encounter evaluations were measured.

Sample and setting

Consumers responding to hypothetical service-failure/recovery encounters in two experiments.

Scope and transfer

Limitations to keep in view

Scenario experiments provide internal tests of reactions but do not observe actual churn, usage, or real support interactions; external validity to SaaS is therefore untested.

Research sources

SAGE search result describes two experiments and explicitly frames the article as an experimental investigation of failure and recovery encounters. Direct publisher-page retrieval was recorded on 2026-10-09; this profile uses publisher metadata/abstract and does not claim independent review of unavailable full text.

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