Skip to content
J·BJon BishopIndependent growth marketer

Content marketing · Observational content analysis with follow-up experiments

What Makes Online Content Viral?

Journal of Marketing Research · 2012

Jonah Berger, Katherine L. Milkman

Summary

Positive content was more viral than negative content overall, but arousal helped explain the pattern: high-arousal emotions such as awe, anger and anxiety were associated with more sharing, while lower-arousal sadness was associated with less.

For your marketing

Possible founder application

Use as a hypothesis source for testing emotional framing in content. It does not justify manufacturing outrage or predicting that any emotionally intense SaaS article will spread.

Reported result

What the study found

Positive content was more viral than negative content overall, but arousal helped explain the pattern: high-arousal emotions such as awe, anger and anxiety were associated with more sharing, while lower-arousal sadness was associated with less. Experimental results supported a causal role for activation in sharing.

Research question

What the authors investigated

How are emotion and other content characteristics associated with the sharing of online articles?

Design

The authors analyzed New York Times articles published over a three-month period and examined whether emotion predicted virality while accounting for other content and attention factors. Experiments tested whether specific emotions causally affected transmission.

Sample and setting

Articles published and shared through nytimes.com during the study period; the outcome was online sharing/virality in the newspaper context, not SaaS conversions or product adoption.

Scope and transfer

Limitations to keep in view

The field data come from one news publisher and historical platform conditions. Sharing is not the same as persuasion, qualified traffic, pipeline or revenue. Publisher access in this review exposed the abstract rather than the full article.

Research sources

Publisher abstract and citation metadata; full article text was not available in the retrieved publisher page.

Prefer to write? Send Jon a message.